Exposição de três espécies de Cattleya (Orchidaceae) a pleno sol: efeito sobre sua plasticidade fisiológica e resposta a mudanças nas condições de luz
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536X.v29i1.2527Palavras-chave:
Fluorescência da clorofila a, manchas solares, orquídeasResumo
Com o objetivo de estabelecer uma ligação entre a história evolutiva e os atributos fotoquímicos, medidas de fluorescência da clorofila (Chl) a foram feitas em Cattleya warneri, C. shofieldiana e C. harrisoniana expostas à alta irradiância por 5, 35 e 120 min (T5, T35 e T120, respectivamente). As seguintes questões são abordadas: (1) O aumento da dissipação de energia é suficiente para contrabalançar o excesso de energia que impulsiona a fotossíntese em diferentes tempos de exposição à alta irradiância? (2) Existe influência da incidência e duração da radiação luminosa em espécies de Cattleya a pleno sol, em comparação com espécies de Cattleya submetidas a baixa irradiância? A maior fluorescência variável relativa no ponto J (Vj) seguida do menor rendimento quântico do transporte de elétrons (ψEo) indicam o acúmulo de Quinona A (QA) reduzida proporcionalmente ao tempo de exposição às manchas solares em C. Waeneri. Os maiores valores de índice de desempenho (PIABS) e do índice de plasticidade em C. schofieldiana indicam maior eficiência na modulação do aparato fotossintético em resposta às manchas solares. C. harrisoniana apresenta menor índice de plasticidade, supressão da fluorescência máxima (Fm) e nenhuma recuperação de PIABS após exposição às manchas solares. Este estudo evidencia a importância da plasticidade fisiológica na distribuição geográfica atual de Cattleya em resposta a pulsos de luz em espécies derivadas de habitats fragmentados e a manutenção do sombreamento para espécies de clados mais primitivos.
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