Melhorando as características pós-colheita, composição química e atividade antimicrobiana de flores de corte de Dianthus caryophyllus usando novos óleos essenciais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536X.v29i1.2540Palavras-chave:
atividade bacteriana, conservante, cravo, óleos essenciais, vida de vasoResumo
O cravo (Dianthus caryophyllus ‘Servantes’) é uma flor e corte popular e economicamente viável, amplamente utilizada na indústria florística. Apesar disso, a senescência pós-colheita ocorre em poucos dias, sendo um problema limitante na comercialização de flores de cravos cortadas. Assim, realizou-se a pesquisa para investigar o impacto de óleos essenciais como o óleo de árvore de chá (TTO), óleo de semente de abóbora (PSO), óleos essenciais de semente de Moringa (MEO), e óleos de Eucalipto (EEO), como soluções conservantes ecologicamente corretas para melhorar a qualidade e a longevidade das flores de cravo. As flores de cravo cortadas foram submetidas a diferentes concentrações (250 e 500 mg L-1) de todos os óleos essenciais utilizados na solução de vaso. Os resultados revelaram que a maior vida útil de vaso e a máxima absorção total da solução pelo cravo cortado ocorreu nos tratamentos com óleo TTO ou PSO a 500 mg L-1 na solução conservante em comparação com o controle (água destilada). Enquanto o maior peso relativo fresco indicado com 500 mg L-1 PSO, a maiores valores de clorofila a e b, carotenóides totais, açúcares totais, conteúdo fenólico total nas folhas, conteúdo de antocianina e atividade enzimática em pétalas tratadas com 500 mg L-1 de (TTO) e (PSO). Além disso, todos os tratamentos de óleos atuaram diminuindo a atividade bacteriana em comparação com o controle. Também, o menor crescimento bacteriano ocorreu no terceiro dia com o uso 500 mg de L-1 TTO e PSO. Entretanto, observando um estado primário de vasos de xilema de hastes tratadas com 500 mg L-1 de TTO e 500 mg L-1 de PSO, comparando com água destilada, a aplicação do óleo essencial neste estudo como conservante natural em solução conservante como alternativa aos produtos químicos pode ser de grande valor ambiental e econômico.
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