Caracterização fisiológica e bioquímica de um cultivar suscetível de cravo (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) à Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi (Fod)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536X.v30.e242750Palavras-chave:
cravo, compostos fenólicos, flavonoides, fluorescência da clorofila α, resistência estomática, temperatura foliarResumo
A susceptibilidade das cravinas (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) à infecção por Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi (Fod) representa um desafio significativo para a produção agrícola, especialmente na Colômbia, país líder mundial na exportação de cravinas. Este estudo concentrou-se nas respostas fisiológicas e bioquímicas de uma cultivar de cravina altamente suscetível, ‘Solex’, à presença de Fod, visando compreender melhor os mecanismos subjacentes à suscetibilidade e aprimorar estratégias de detecção precoce de doenças em cultivos de cravina. No nível bioquímico, analisamos o teor de compostos fenólicos e flavonoides em raízes e hastes; e avaliamos parâmetros fisiológicos como conteúdo foliar de pigmentos fotossintéticos, resistência estomática, eficiência fotoquímica máxima de PSII (Fv/Fm) e temperatura foliar. Nossa pesquisa revelou uma diminuição acentuada na produção de metabólitos nas raízes de plantas de cravina inoculadas com Fod, especialmente evidente aos 4 dias pós-inoculação. Além disso, observamos um aumento precoce na temperatura foliar a partir do primeiro dia pós-inoculação, sem alterações na dinâmica de fechamento estomático ao longo do tempo. Adicionalmente, registramos uma significativa redução em Fv/Fm, conteúdo de pigmentos fotossintéticos e produção de biomassa seca em plantas inoculadas com Fod durante a fase sintomática do murchamento vascular, contrastando fortemente com os controles livres de patógenos. Esses achados destacaram a suscetibilidade intrínseca das plantas de cravina à infecção por Fod, com implicações significativas para o aprimoramento da resistência das plantas e o desenvolvimento de estratégias eficazes de manejo do murchamento vascular em cultivos desta flor.
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