Karyotype alterations, meiotic abnormalities, and reduced pollen viability in triploid cytotypes of Passiflora foetida (Passifloraceae) derived from endosperm cultures

Joelson Oliveira Barros; Lyderson Facio Viccini; Elyabe Monteiro Matos; Wagner Campos Otoni; Aryane Campos Reis; Saulo Marçal Sousa; Diego Ismael Rocha; Maurecilne Lemes Silva

doi:10.1590/2447-536X.v31.e312797

Autores

Joelson Oliveira Barros Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2348-8590
Lyderson Facio Viccini Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7575-8241
Elyabe Monteiro Matos Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3466-4927
Wagner Campos Otoni Universidade Federal de Viçosa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9614-9373
Aryane Campos Reis Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2419-9996
Saulo Marçal Sousa Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8229-9330
Diego Ismael Rocha Universidade Federal de Viçosa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6683-0961
Maurecilne Lemes Silva Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6928-285X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536X.v31.e312797

Palavras-chave:

bandeamento cromossômico, comportamento meiótico, heterocromatina, maracujá ornamental, triploide

Resumo

A indução da poliploidia oferece a possibilidade de gerar novas variações na forma, cor, fragrância, forma, durabilidade, arquitetura da flor e a adaptabilidade em ambientes adversos. Considerando a importância de informações para a compreensão dos efeitos da triploidia na biologia reprodutiva de citótipo de Passiflora foetida o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a estabilidade do genoma de plantas triploides de P. foetida regeneradas a partir de culturas de endosperma in vitro. Padrões de heterocromatina, comportamento de meiose e viabilidade polínica foram usados como parâmetros. A coloração diferencial dupla com fluorocromos DAPI/cromomicina (CMA3) revelou quatro cromossomos com uma banda CMA3+ em plantas diploides e seis cromossomos com uma banda CMA3+ em triploides de P. foetida. Como esperado, as plantas diploides apresentaram comportamento meiótico normal com aproximadamente 75% de pólen viável; enquanto os citótipos triplóides apresentaram comportamento anormal em ambas as divisões meióticas (primeira e segunda) e aproximadamente 70% de pólen inviável. A descrição dos cariótipos permite a identificação e seleção de materiais com características fenotípicas desejáveis, especialmente de plantas ornamentais que sofreram poliploidização.

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