Biopriming para promoção do crescimento vegetativo em mudas de Begonia rex com isolados endofíticos de Beauveria bassiana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536X.v31.e312976Palavras-chave:
aclimatização, Begonia rex, colonização endofítica, fungos entomopatogênicosResumo
A espécie ornamental Begônia rex apresenta elevada demanda comercial no setor florícola, destacando-se pelo potencial de propagação via cultura de tecidos. Entretanto, o estresse associado ao processo de aclimatização ex vitro constitui uma limitação para a produção em larga escala. Nesse contexto, avaliou-se o efeito da inoculação com o fungo entomopatogênico endofítico Beauveria bassiana em mudas de Begônia rex provenientes de cultivo in vitro. As plantas tratadas apresentaram colonização fúngica consistente, com taxas variando entre 60% e 80%. Durante o ensaio, não foi realizada adubação em nenhuma fase, a fim de preservar a interação mutualística planta–microrganismo. A aplicação de B. bassiana pelo método de tratamento do substrato resultou em efeitos positivos no desenvolvimento das mudas, com incremento de 50% na área foliar e triplicação do volume do sistema radicular. Além disso, observou-se aumento da capacidade de retenção hídrica das raízes. Sob condições de estresse no momento do transplante, a colonização por B. bassiana promoveu aumento significativo da massa fresca e do teor relativo de água das plantas, com incrementos entre 2 e 2,5 vezes em comparação ao controle. Esses resultados sugerem que, em condições de limitação nutricional, o fungo pode favorecer tanto o transporte quanto a absorção de nutrientes, além de modular os níveis de fitohormônios, contribuindo para o crescimento e a tolerância a stress das mudas. Conclui-se que a inoculação com B. bassiana representa uma estratégia promissora para atenuar o estresse hídrico e nutricional durante a aclimatização ex vitro, possibilitando a obtenção de mudas de B. rex de maior qualidade.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Tatyana Fershalova, Aleksandra Nabieva, Maksim Tyurin

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