Respostas morfológicas e fisiológicas de Calliandra haematocephala ao estresse de salinidade da água e vermicomposto
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536X.v29i2.2555Palavras-chave:
enzimas antioxidantes, salinidade, stress abióticoResumo
A salinidade é um estresse abiótico que afeta o crescimento e a produção das plantas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito do vermicomposto e dos efeitos da salinidade sobre os parâmetros morfológicos e fisiológicos de Calliandra haematocephala. O experimento foi realizado com tratamentos de vermicompostagem a 5%, 10%, 15% e 20% além do controle, tratamentos de salinidade a 1000, 2000 3000 ppm além do controle (água da torneira, 280 ppm). Os resultados indicaram que o aumento do nível de salinidade resultou em redução no crescimento vegetativo e nos parâmetros de floração (altura da planta, número de ramos/ planta, diâmetro do caule, comprimento da raiz, massa fresca e seca das folhas, raízes/planta, número de flores/planta, bem como pesos frescos e secos de flores/planta), clorofilas totais, carboidratos totais, K+%, Ca2+% % e relação K+/Na+, enquanto aumentou prolina, Na+ e Cl−% nas plantas. As atividades das enzimas catalase (CAT), superóxido dismutase (SOD), ascorbato peroxidase (APX) aumentaram significativamente com a elevação do nível de salinidade de 0 a 3000 ppm. A aplicação de vermicomposto em qualquer concentração teve efeito positivo sobre o crescimento vegetativo e parâmetros de floração, clorofilas totais, carboidratos totais, absorção de nutrientes, relação K+/Na+, teor de prolina, atividades enzimáticas e redução do acúmulo de íons tóxicos Na+ e Cl−% nas folhas. Com base nos resultados, a aplicação de vermicomposto a 20% é recomendada para aliviar os efeitos nocivos da salinidade em plantas de Calliandra haematocephala irrigadas com água salina em concentração de até 3000 ppm.
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